Language As A Monitor Social Reality - 766 Words

Language as a Monitor to Social Reality Different societies and cultures are strictly shaped and expressed by their own multiple languages. What’s more, many languages were born from the same linguistic branches, but â€Å"no two languages are actually similar to be considered as representing the same social reality† (Kramsch, 2014, p. 32). Applied linguistic research has concluded three categories to explicitly expose the relations between languages and realities: â€Å"semiotic relativity, linguistic relativity and discursive relativity† (Kramsch, 2014, p. 32). According to Vygotsky (1980), a semiotic system is made up of both linguistic symbols and cognitive methods. Children, to develop their own speeches primarily, make an identical process as apes that they initialize and associate the words’ meanings by repeatable observations. To be distinct from animals, children create their own meanings by accomplishing the psychological acquisitions (Vygotsky 1980; Kramsch 2014). Thus, the community’s and the individual’s cultures are tightly related to each other since beginning (Vygotsky 1980; Wertsch 1985). Linguistic relativity describes the phenomena that speakers of different languages think differently towards the same thing (Kramsch, 2014, p. 34). According to Slobin (1996), people must â€Å"attend to the syntactic and lexical choices offered by their grammars and that the cumulative occurrence of these choices can have cognitive and affective effects on the listener† (as cited inShow MoreRelatedLanguage Ideolo gies933 Words   |  4 PagesLanguage and Perceptions and Ideologies Language is the basis by which we communicate with others and ultimately make meaning of the world we live in. It is a combination of indicators, grammatical categories and symbolic meanings we subjectively assign to what we experience and think, and thus it is a critical element in attaining new knowledge. Regardless of the society, knowledge of language is closely related to our knowledge of the world. Thus, language shapes our worldviews and perspectivesRead MoreHow Does Language: Allow Self Reflection? Organize Perceptions? Allow Hypothetical Thought? Explain the Connection Between Language and Perception. Use a Specific Example to Illustrate This Connection.690 Words   |  3 PagesWe use language to reflect upon ourselves and what we want others to think of us. Language allows self-reflection in this way. It helps us gain an understanding of who we are as individuals and as leaders. It allows us to analyze and/or monitor our communications. In order for us to be truly effectiv e at leading others, we have to be effective at leading ourselves. If we are not able to really know ourselves, we are only being deluded into thinking that we can lead ourselves. Self-reflection alsoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Refuge By Jackie French1526 Words   |  7 Pageseach child is like him, a migrant who travelled to Australia searching for a better place. Each child is living in their own ‘dream’ Australia and the beach provides a sort of ‘refuge’ from reality for them. Eventually, Faris has to make the decision to either continue living in this dream land or face his reality. This book is interesting as unlike other refugee texts, this novel serves to tell the multicultural history of Australian immigration. French relays the more than 60 000 year old historyRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence Against Women On North American Society1663 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: How do social norms contribute to the persistence of violence against women in North American society? Inter-disciplinary approach There are many factors that contribute to violence against women. There are obvious factors such as substance abuse by both the abused or the abuser that lead to violence. Cycles of poverty and the stresses that come with economic struggle are known factors in violence as well. Economic struggles inside and outside of the home are stresses and not only doesRead MoreSocial Media And Technology : A Exciting Journey Through The World Wide Web955 Words   |  4 Pages Social media and technology are an incredible enhancement of the modern world. If properly balanced and educated, embracing these technologies is a rewarding and exciting journey through the World Wide Web. This electronic social and technological society we have created is the inevitable part of every child’s life; it s hard to protect them from the adverse impacts of this society. Smart technology improves on a daily basis, the costs associated with smartphones reduced to nearly nothing, resultingRead MoreUnderstanding The Concept Of Manners1064 Words   |  5 Pageslong-term process which you can start as soon as she develops language and communication skills. What manners you teach your kid at each stage of her development will change according to her ability to understand and follow social values. Here are a few tips to help you in the process: 1. Set realistic expectations Keep your expectations realistic. Teaching a 3-year-old kid how to stay put at the dinner table for 2 hours is nowhere close to reality. You need to acknowledge that there are certain thingsRead MoreCEDAW Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pagesbilateral support rapidly dwindled as the U.S. entered into an era of social conservatism, in which conservative distrust for international governance created a staunch opposition to CEDAW, based on the threat international law presents to American political autonomy and sovereignty. In Defying Convention, Lisa Baldez explores the historical antecedents to the U.S failure to ratify CEDAW by elucidating the political and social consequences of the Cold War and the resulting distrust the United StatesRead MoreSocial Family Model And Integration965 Words   |  4 PagesDespite Rosalina’s improvement, she continues to face challenges in terms of her language and overall academic development. First, she still has difficulty expressing her thoughts in English. Second, she hardly voluntarily recites in class. Third, Rosalina has limited exposure to the English language outside of school since Spanish is the primary language they use at home. There is limited support in language acquisition, to this end. In addition, she has no one to practice English with. Hence, sheRead More George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pagesmore subtle methods for imposing its authority, such as the manipulation of language and propaganda as they are used to achieve the goal of absolute power for the system. A key parallel between the Party and Stalin’s Communism is the use of technology and communication to control the economic, social, and personal aspects of life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Stalin and Big Brother achieved total control, not only of social and economic aspects of the state, but also of their people’s personal livesRead MoreThe Importance Of Cognition And Its Impact On Human Cognition1249 Words   |  5 Pagesthat makes humans unique is our cognition. We are the coherent mammals and the one important characteristic that truly measures our nature is that we are a representational group. Humans are truly unique because of our human cognition, including are language and symbolic thought. First, what is cognition? Cognition is how an individual comprehends and behaves within this world. It is a cluster of capabilities or procedures that are a fragment of approximately each individual action. These reasoning

Analysis Of The Phrase I Am Not An American Essay

Twain wrote the phrase I AM NOT AN AMERICAN; I AM THE AMERICAN in a notebook that he took with him on his European travels during 1897. Over time as many hear the quote has become more and more popular. To me it’s not really surprising but it is catchy. Some may wonder was Mark Twain truly an American in our minds. What is truly being American? People minds of modern patriotism Twain could be called un-American. I can also argue there was times when Mark Twain gave service for his country. I would agree it was heroic of him but I disagree about his choice of side since it had to deal with slavery. After two weeks of service he decided it wasn’t for him went westward away from the Civil War fighting. He traveled seen the other side of the country. I think it was all about trial and era with him. It was no secret that he wasn’t a fan of government officials. I don’t blame him there mostly crooks especially during Mark Twain era. He wasn’t a He wasn’t afraid to let fly with snappish quotes like â€Å"Fleas can be taught nearly anything that a Congressman can† (What is Man?) and â€Å"Suppose you were an idiot. And suppose you were a member of Congress. He didn’t hold back his criticism of President Theodore Roosevelt: â€Å"We are insane, each in our own way, and with insanity goes irresponsibility. Theodore the man is sane; in fairness we ought to keep in mind that Theodore, as statesman and politician, is insane and irresponsible. †To trust the God of the Bible is toShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis : Malala Yousafzai1211 Words   |  5 PagesAdewunmi Adebanjo ENGL 1213 Professor Carney 10 February, 2014. Rhetorical analysis of Malala Yousafzai speech â€Å"Age is an issue of mind over matter. If you don’t mind, it doesn’t matter† Twain Mark. Malala Yousafzai, a teenager and the youngest Nobel Prize winner is a testimony to what Mark Twain (the author of several American novels) said in his quote. Yousafzai started the fight for her right to education and fundamental rights after her school was attacked in 2008. The Pakistani educationRead MoreAnalysis Of Russell Conwells Acres Of Diamonds By Joel Osteton1579 Words   |  7 Pagesand motivate not hundreds but thousands of towns, cities, and villages for his speech Acres of Diamonds. By using inviting words and phrases, Conwell established a common familiarity with his audience. Similarly, Joel Osteen, a televangelist and multimillionaire of the 21st century gives weekly sermons that receive up to 7 million viewers. â€Å"We love you,† is a phrase that Osteen uses to attract and give a home-like feel to his audience. Although Conwell’s speech and Osteen’s sermons are almost a centuryRead MoreThe American Dream : Dead, Alive, Or On Hold?1104 Words   |  5 Pageshis published works, The American Dream: Dead, Alive, or on Hold?, debates his interpretation of the notion of the American Dream and whether the concept is dead, alive, or on hold. The speaker emphasizes his belief that the common phrase is still alive within America and that one must work hard in order to achieve it. When it comes to the topic of the American Dream, King will eagerly agree that the idea is still alive and thriving in the minds of Americans; however, I deem that the idea is on holdRead MoreUxt Task 1945 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: Analysis of â€Å"Still I Rise† 1 Analysis of â€Å"Still I Rise† When reading, â€Å"Still I Rise†, by Maya Angelou, I immediately get a sense of perseverance and pride. The author seems to be addressing her adversaries directly through her words. I love the imagery used in this poem. I can almost see the dust rising and can feel the swelling of the black ocean that the author mentions. â€Å"Cause I walk like I got oil wells pumping in my living room†(Angelou, 1978), and, â€Å"Laugh like I’veRead MoreCritical Reading Reflection1081 Words   |  5 Pages Through the course of American Literature, my limited writing, critical reading, and discussion skills have developed. As I am challenged in all the previous sections mentioned I, am forced to further my skills in order to acquire decent grades. The rigorous nature of this class has pushed my comfort zone as has caused a positive shift in both of my critical reading skills and my writing. Consequently, this push has made me more, but not entirely, comfortable with a burdensome English based courseRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Clare Boothe Luce1102 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis Article: Luce In 1960, American journalist and politician Clare Boothe Luce speaks to journalists at the Women’s National Press Club. She brings up the topic of integrity. Not only does integrity affect journalists, but also the media as a whole. From the beginning, she is straightforward with the audience, she is going to give them hell. She goes on to say that everyone in the audience will be revolted, but should listen through. This prepares the room full of female journalistsRead MoreEssay about Asian American Identity1643 Words   |  7 PagesSilence as Beauty, Silence as Self: The Asian American Identity The label â€Å"American† encompasses many different cultures and races. However, American society is often guilty of assuming there is only one true, certainly white, â€Å"American† face, voice, and behavior. Associate Professor of Sociology, Minako Maykovich, states that â€Å"the criteria for physical characteristics are generally determined by the dominant group in society,† thus â€Å"racial difference is the greatest obstacle to the processRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King s I Have A Dream 903 Words   |  4 PagesI Have a Dream: Pathos On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King delivered his speech at the Lincoln Memorial, which included a minimum of 20,000 people that gathered after the march of Washington. In his â€Å"I Have A Dream† speech, Martin Luther king utilizes pathos to build a relationship with his black and white audience. His references to black and white children and allusions to times of slavery which appealed to both parents and older generation. The use of pathos in his speech assisted Dr. KingsRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Obama s Victory Speech1245 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Obama’s Victory Speech This speech was given by Barack Obama who won 2012 election as the president. I’m going to analysis his voice, audience, speaker’s message and occasion for the speech. Different angle, different view can show all the Obama’s rhetorical words in his victory speech. In 2012, this is Barack Obama’s second inaugural. He had greatest way to put all the rhetorical words in his speech. It was one of the best of his speech so far. Rhetoric was made in fifthRead MoreBartleby the Scrivener, Deeply Symbolic Essay examples1080 Words   |  5 PagesScrivener, a Deeply Symbolic Work Bartleby the Scrivener, is one of the most complicated stories Melville has ever written, perhaps by any American writer of that period. It id a deep and symbolic work, its make you think of every little detail differently. It makes you realize that a little detail actually make a difference and give a meaning to the story analysis. The walls are controlling symbols of the story; in fact some had said that its a parable of walls. Melville tells us explicitly that

The Industry Video Game Entertainment - 1399 Words

Company Name: Nintendo Company Website: http://www.nintendo.com Industry: Video Game entertainment Company history and background: In the gaming industry you probably heard of â€Å"It’s -a -me -Mario† which is Nintendo’s trademark character. Nintendo started off as a Japanese card game maker into electronic gaming in a way the term today we call console gaming. What started as a Popeye concept kind of safe the girl game which is titled Mario vs Donkey Kong became a hit in retro arcade gaming came to the convenience of playing at home which is what we call a game console. It then became a bigger impact for the company when Shigeru Miyamoto father of the character â€Å"Mario† created Super Mario world it became Nintendo’s Company icon. Running†¦show more content†¦Mr. Kimishima will continue Iwata’s dream in creating the best game consoles as well as games. As all video games it counts on E3 if a video game company will succeed based on the products released which can have a major impact if a console system is released. For most c urrent release of the Nintendo switch, it was sold out in a major part of the world. The switch has brought the market up a lot due to its popularity with its games that interest the loyal fans of Nintendo. According to yahoo finance; it went from a 22,000 yen to a spike of 23,000 on the day of launch then to a very stable progression to 26,000 yen market price to what it current state in the market is right now. ANALYSIS VIA PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL Threats of new Entrants: †¢ Threat level of new Entrants are low due to new players of the gaming console †¢ The barriers of entry is pretty high †¢ Network for distribution is needed †¢ Needs strong brand name which is important †¢ Loyal customer are to be expected for existing brand †¢ Curve of learning is pretty high due unfamiliarity †¢ Can expect new Entrant to enter every year Bargaining Power of Suppliers: †¢ The Bargaining Power of Suppliers is at a moderate power level †¢ Companies that sell the products order in large amounts in order to keep the suppliers happy †¢ The value of the electronic components in the gaming consoles can easily switched and are inexpensive Bargaining Power of Customers: †¢ The Bargaining Power of Customers is at aShow MoreRelatedVideo Games Effects On Entertainment Industry949 Words   |  4 PagesToday in our world, video games have been a massive impact and phenomenon on entertainment industry. People from different ages playing video games from different types of consuls and games, and the sales from this industry is growing. What is makes different from video games than another entertainment industry is video games encourage people in different levels to have more attention and focus more emotionally and physically on the screen. There are different games that are made to appeal the gamersRead MoreVideo Games Have Become A Real Influence On The Curriculum Of The Modern Entertainment Industry Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades, the video game industry has rapidly improved the technology to home gaming. Video games have become a real influence on the curriculum of the modern entertainment industry. Video game campaigns have a very stra tegized, but hidden way of luring people to buy their product. I believe that the way that they use social influence like Facebook or twitter to spread the word that their new video game is coming. Social influence is a huge way to advertise and seduce the video game obsessed populationRead MoreReaching the Next Level: The Rise of Video Game Popularity688 Words   |  3 Pages The video game industry has grown into a colossus of today’s business world over the past forty-three years. Constantly adapting to the changing market, in order to make a profit off of a popular form of entertainment, the video game industry is continually expanding. But, two very important questions, about the industry, exist: Why has the industry become so popular, and where will that popularity lead? By the trend that the industry has shown video game popularity is due in part to the industry’sRead MoreTaking a Look at the American Film Industry673 Words   |  3 PagesAfter taking a closer look at the film industry in the current years, it is easy to see that the structure market of this industry is an oligopolistic market. This means that there are several big companies that contribute to more than fifty percent of the production of films produced each year. At the moment some of the companies that together combine for more than this fifty percent are Sony, Warner Brothers, Disney, and Paramount. These big production companies have a big hold on the market,Read MoreAn Overview On Modern Day Entertainment1409 Words   |  6 PagesAn Overview On Modern Day Entertainment Introduction: Computer are not only revered for their practical utility, but also for their versatility, as they are often used for a source of entertainment. Computers lead way to the Internet, which in turn spawned social media sites, video streaming and video games. Websites such as Youtube, Facebook and Twitter have gained so much traction in current day entertainment. A fun night out now consists of purely technological components: you begin movie nightRead MoreTime to Play with Education1500 Words   |  6 PagesTime to Play with Education The exponentially evolving video game technology has impacted the lives of the most recent generations. Play is an effective way for young children to acquire knowledge on their own. With games becoming more and more mobile and easy to access, it is safe to say that most, if not all, have learned a thing or two from playing video games. There are many assumptions that these stimulating games bring nothing but a negative influence to students’ academic performance. ItRead MoreThe Use Of Quantum Mechanics On The Entertainment Industry1186 Words   |  5 Pages many of which are taken for granted. The entertainment industry is no different. Everything from TVs and DVD and Blu-ray players to video game consoles and even some types of stage lights would not be made possible without the use of quantum mechanics. Without the discovery of quantum mechanics, the entertainment industry would be nothing like the industry of today. DVD Blu-ray players are a relatively new innovation when it comes to home entertainment and could not be made possible without theirRead MoreThe use of computer technology in entertainment1069 Words   |  5 Pagesin Entertainment. â€Å"The improvements in computer technology over the past decade have made video and audio streaming commonplace, making the computer a sophisticated and powerful entertainment medium† (Haupert, 2012, p.39). The use of computer technology is not limited to business, health, education and manufacturing industries but also widely used in entertainment and arts world. There are so many applications as there are entertainers and artists. People look forward to the entertainment forRead MoreNintendos Disruptive Strategy1476 Words   |  6 PagesStrategy Video game industry is synonymous with names like Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo. A number of changes have been witnessed in the video game industry with respect to competition and technology. Atari, a U.S. based company, and Namco from Japan are some of the undisputed initial players in the video game industry. They literally brought the video games to teenagers who accessed them in the shopping malls and video games arcades. Home consoles however made it possible for video game lovers toRead MoreVideo Games in Pop-Culture.1510 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games in pop-culture. Video games and computer games (from here on both categories will be simply referred to as video games for simplicity) have entered the domain of pop culture fairly recently. Although the first video game was developed in 1958 by William Higginbotham, their popularity didn’t occur until the seventies with the appearance of Pac-man and Frogger in the arcades (Computer and Video Games). If the younger generation of video game consumers would take a look at what was out

Life Expectancy Issues Among Indigenous Communities In Australia

Question: Discuss about the Indigenous Authored Literature Review On Exploring The Life Expectancy Issues Among Indigenous Communities In Australia. Answer: Literature review The literature review intends to elaborate a certain issue in relation to a relative interesting area that would help in exploring the unattended information so far. In accordance with the report from the national indigenous reform agreement, 8 out 10 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander are suffering from low life expectancy in the current scenario (Griffiths, 2013). In Australian, the life expectancy surveys are being conducted in Australia in every 5 years in order to accumulate information regarding the frequency of occurrence of the issue. Here the study would be addressing the issues of life expectancy among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders culture and diversity and how it has been treated since the outburst of the issues would also be attended (Coleman et al. 2015). Through evaluating three of the articles by the indigenous writer, the issue could better be explained and understood at the same time. It has evidently been realised that there is a humongous gap between the indigenous and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander on the basis of life expectancy. In the article named Closing the Gaps: competing estimates of Indigenous Australian life expectancy in the scientific literature by (Coleman et al. 2015) has exhibited the gap between life expectancy of the indigenous such as Aboriginal Islanders and Australian people which have been calculated through many methods in the past few years. The article explains the inequality in the health aspects of the Australian people and the indigenous and a well-documented evaluation of the facts could also be gained in this regard. In a comparative manner, the difference between the life expectancy issues and reasons behind it could be stated in terms of morbidity, disability and mortality in the life course of the indigenous people and along with this, international injury, uneven practices of hospitalisation for mental illness, renal dise ase and so on, have greater influence upon the indigenous Australian (Doyle et al. 2015). In Australia, the aspects of life expectancy aspects are calculated and explaining order to manifest the difference between health equality and circumstances that encourage such issues to arise (Rosenstock et al. 2013). The article has evaluated the course of explaining life expectancy among indigenous people in Australia through adopting certain methods such as assess the peer reviewed publication that has conducted the calculation regarding life expectancy among indigenous people in Australia between 2007-2012. The results were presented in term five age section of the population such as 20 years, 17 years, 15 -20 years and 11.5 years in males, whereas the females suffering the life expectancy issues has been realised within the age group of 9.7 years in comparison to the Australian people (Esler, et al. 2015). Thus, in relation to this article a concluding note could be incorporated that tho ugh the outcomes of the survey has not been revealed to the stakeholders but it is evident that the agreement based on the gap magnitude should be presented to the stakeholders in order to reduce the issues related to o life expectancy among indigenous people n Australia. In relation to the second indigenous authored article called Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Life Expectancy and Mortality Trend reporting it is also realised that the author has shaded light upon the life expectancy evaluation and its exploration on the basis of survey results. Hence, it is manifested within the article that the methodology regarding the evaluation of the life expectancy has changed in the past several years and new methodology has been introduced in 2013 (Calma, 2010). The study mainly concentrated upon the ways in which the aspects of life expectancy has been explored and how often these are effective in delivering acute information regarding the rate of life expectancy issues among a male and female population of the indigenous people in Australia (Karlsson, 2013). One of the main programmes were generated between 2012 to 2014 called closing the gap programme which aimed at reducing or diminishing the gap between the life expectancy rates of aboriginal isla nders and the Australian people. The third article named Hypertension: high prevalence and a positive association with obesity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in far north Queensland in this regard have also manifested different facets of the issues related to life expectancy. The study has directed the attention towards another important aspect of Australia that showcased instead of the good name at the word bank, there is still inequality persist regarding health issues among the Australian population (Schluter et al. 2016). The two indigenous populations in Australia, which are Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders, are facing inequality in education, income and health reacted issues in their daily course of life. In accordance with the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey report conducted in 2008 it is realised that the gross income of the indigenous communities in Australia is also most equal to the US$14,020 and in the remote areas of Australia 28% of the popul ation is running out of financial assets needed for basic living (Yap and Biddle, 2010). The life expectancy aspects are below 10 to 12 years of the other Australian population and the main reason behind be could be stated in terms of familial separation, colonisation, racism underpins the current disadvantages for the Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders in Australia (Graham et al. 2017). The article has argued that along with the pre mentioned the reason the cardiovascular and renal disease which has influenced the young adults in the Australian. The results have manifested in terms of the sources of the illness including hyper tension, obesity and lack of proper nutrition among children basically. Thus, a conclusion in relation to the study could be inserted in terms of the fact that the young adults of the indigenous communities specifically in the remote living areas are at great risk due to renal disease and cardiovascular issues. A suggestive note has been recorded i n relation to the preventive action could have been considered in order to prevent the influential impact of the diseases or the inequality on the future generation in those aboriginal communities. Hence, from the above evaluation of the three indigenous authored articles, it has been realised that the indigenous population in Australia has been facing difficulties in many forms in the course of their life (Sanders, 2013). Though the Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders have witnessed inequalities in the form of education, income and health, here the issues related to life expectancy have been evaluated. From the comparative discussion, it could be realised that the Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders people are devoid of the basic requirements and necessity in the course of living and in relation to the health issues the problem related to life expectancy has been highlighted among the indigenous communities. Thus, an evident gap has been realised between the health related problem and treating those problems among the indigenous people and the Australian population (Ritchie, 2010). On the other hand, it could be said that the articles have evidently extract ed he main reason behind the issues in the respective communities in a critical manner. The indigenous communities are below the standard of income, education and health in comparison to other Australian population. The indigenous population living in remote areas are subjected to witness the cruellest side of inequality in terms of financial instability which has great influence upon the daily course of life (Schluter et al. 2016). The issues regarding life expectancy in the Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders have been realised with the frequency of occurrence among young adults. In conclusion, it could be depicted that due to the implementation of preventive actions in relation to the health issues among indigenous community. In accordance with the report produced by Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, instead of the enhancement of the situation of the communities, the indigenous people still remain below a standard of the known-indigenous people. The survey has also manifested that the male indigenous born between 2010 to 2012 have the life expectancy rate of 69.1 in comparison to known indigenous and which is also below in the current situation. The rate of indigenous people persists between 81% n 2013 as most of the people were below 75 years in comparison to the non-indigenous people in Australia. After 10 years of the implementation of closing the gap programme the rate of life expectancy issues have reduced with 34% and it could be expected the in the next 10 years that the issues will be dispersed with effective efforts. Thus, the effectivenes s of closing the gap programme could be realised as it has manifested the main reason behind such issues is the non communicable diseases and lack of proper treatment to the serious diseases. Thu, it could be concluded that the future preventive measures would be able to reduce the negative impact of the health issues from the Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders communities. References Calma T. 2010 Chalmers OrationWhats needed to Close the Gap?Rural Remote Health.2010;10(3):1586. Coleman,, C., Fortune, N., Lee,, V., Griffiths,, K. and Madden, R., 2015. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Life Expectancy and Mortality Trend Reporting.Sydney Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Statistics. Doyle, M., Butler, T., Shakeshaft, A., Guthrie, J., Reekie, J. and Schofield, P., 2015. Alcohol and other drug use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men entering prison in New South Wales.Health Justice, 3(1). Esler, D., Raulli, A., Pratt, R. and Fagan, P., 2015. Hypertension: high prevalence and a positive association with obesity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in far north Queensland.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 40(S1), pp.S65-S69. Graham, S., O'Connor, C., Morgan, S., Chamberlain, C. and Hocking, J., 2017. Prevalence of HIV among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sexual Health. Griffiths,, K., 2013. Guidelines on the provision of sustainable eye care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 96(4), pp.422-423. Karlsson, L., 2013. Indigenous life expectancy in Sweden 1850-1899: Towards a long and healthy life?.Demographic Research, 28, pp.433-456. Ritchie, J., 2010. Why we need success stories in reporting the health of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: a personal perspective.Global Health Promotion, 17(4), pp.61-64. Rosenstock, A., Mukandi, B., Zwi, A. and Hill, P., 2013. Closing the Gaps: competing estimates of Indigenous Australian life expectancy in the scientific literature.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 37(4), pp.356-364. Sanders, W., 2013. Changing Agendas in Australian Indigenous Policy: Federalism, Competing Principles and Generational Dynamics.Australian Journal of Public Administration, 72(2), pp.156-170. Schluter, P., Askew, D., Spurling, G., Lee, M. and Hayman, N., 2016. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander oral health and its impact among adults: A cross-sectional study.Australian Dental Journal, 62(1), pp.84-94. Yap, M. and Biddle, N., 2010. Gender Gaps in Indigenous Socioeconomic Outcomes: Australian Regional Comparisons and International Possibilities.International Indigenous Policy Journal, 1(2).